Geography datasets

Historical state population counts from the US Decennial Census, 1790-2020. Combines modern digital records (1910-2020 CSV) with historical census PDFs (1790-1900) extracted via vision LLM. Includes population density, congressional apportionment, and percent change for all states and territories.

Median household income by state from the Census Bureau's American Community Survey (ACS) 1-year estimates, 2010-2024. Covers all 50 states, DC, and Puerto Rico. Income values are in current (nominal) dollars for each year.

NOAA International Best Track Archive (IBTrACS) data for Atlantic basin tropical storms and hurricanes. Contains storm tracks, intensities, and landfall information from 1851 to present.

County-level poverty and income estimates from the Census Bureau's SAIPE program, 1989-2024. Includes poverty counts and rates for all ages, children (0-17, 5-17, 0-4), and median household income for every US county, state, and national total. Annual estimates use a model-based approach combining ACS data, tax returns, and food stamp records. Published years: 1989, 1993, 1995-2024 (no data for 1990-1992 or 1994).

State and Area Employment, Hours, and Earnings from the Current Employment Statistics (CES) survey. Provides monthly estimates of employment, hours, and earnings for states and metropolitan areas by industry sector.

State-to-state migration flows from the American Community Survey (ACS). Shows the estimated number of people who moved between each pair of US states, DC, Puerto Rico, US Island Areas, and foreign countries in the past year, with margins of error at the 90% confidence level. Based on the 2024 ACS 1-year estimates. Same-state pairs (not applicable) and insufficient-sample entries are excluded.

Household type breakdown for Texas counties from the Census Bureau's American Community Survey (ACS) 1-year estimates. Table B11001 covers family vs nonfamily households, married-couple vs other family types, and living arrangements. Years 2018-2023 (no 2020 data due to COVID-related ACS 1-year cancellation). Data stored in long format with Census variable codes; use the enriched view to see human-readable labels via the acs-variables dimension table.

County-level population estimates by age group from the Census Bureau's Population Estimates Program (PEP). Covers all US counties across all 50 states, DC, and Puerto Rico. Two vintages combined: 2010-2019 and 2020-2024. Age groups include under 5, 5-13, 14-17, 18-24, 25-44, 45-64, and 65+, plus total population and median age. Useful for tracking child population trends alongside total population growth.

CDC's Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System prevalence data (data.cdc.gov dttw-5yxu): state-level estimates from the telephone survey of U.S. adults on health-related risk behaviors, chronic health conditions, and use of preventive services, 2011 to present, updated annually. Some states are missing from some years because CDC left them out of that year's public file, not because of this pipeline: 2025 has no rows for California or the U.S. Virgin Islands (neither collected 2025 data) or for Mississippi and Nevada (too few interviews to meet the minimum for the 2025 public dataset), and 2024 has no rows for Tennessee or the Virgin Islands. Location "US" is the median across states, DC, and territories; "UW" is the median across states and DC.

Health Professional Shortage Area (HPSA) designations for mental health from HRSA. Contains shortage area scores (0-25, higher = more shortage), designation types, provider ratios, and population data with county FIPS codes and geographic coordinates. Mental health workforce shortages correlate strongly with opioid crisis severity. Each row is one component of a designation (a county, county subdivision, census tract or facility), not one shortage area: a single HPSA can span dozens of rows, and HPSA-level fields (score, designation population, FTE, shortage) repeat on every one of them. The file also keeps every withdrawn designation back to the 1990s, which is most of the rows. To count shortage areas in effect today, keep hpsa_status in ('Designated', 'Proposed For Withdrawal') (a designation proposed for withdrawal stays in force until HRSA withdraws it) and count distinct hpsa_id; the active-hpsas view does exactly that, one row per HPSA, and is the default. Summing population over raw rows double counts.

Indeed's daily job postings index by UK city. Indexed to February 1, 2020. From the Indeed Hiring Lab.

County-level domestic migration outflows from IRS Statistics of Income (SOI), based on year-over-year address changes on individual tax returns. Shows where county residents moved to, including number of tax returns (proxy for households), exemptions (proxy for individuals), and adjusted gross income (AGI in thousands of dollars). Filing years 2011-2023, covering 12 years of migration patterns. Includes summary rows for total migration, same-state, different-state, foreign, and non-migrant counts alongside actual county-to-county flows.

Health Professional Shortage Area (HPSA) designations for dental health from HRSA. Contains shortage area scores (0-26, higher = more shortage), designation types, provider ratios, and population data with county FIPS codes and geographic coordinates. Dental HPSAs identify areas with insufficient access to dental care, used for NHSC placement priorities and federal grant eligibility. Each row is one component of a designation (a county, county subdivision, census tract or facility), not one shortage area: a single HPSA can span dozens of rows, and HPSA-level fields (score, designation population, FTE, shortage) repeat on every one of them. The file also keeps every withdrawn designation back to the 1990s, which is most of the rows. To count shortage areas in effect today, keep hpsa_status in ('Designated', 'Proposed For Withdrawal') (a designation proposed for withdrawal stays in force until HRSA withdraws it) and count distinct hpsa_id; the active-hpsas view does exactly that, one row per HPSA, and is the default. Summing population over raw rows double counts.

Annual county-level health rankings from the University of Wisconsin and Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. Comprehensive health indicators including premature death, drug overdose mortality, mental health provider ratios, unemployment, poverty, and income inequality for all US counties, plus every other measure in the 2025 analytic file (raw value, numerator, denominator, confidence interval and race breakdowns; about 790 columns, coded vNNN as County Health Rankings publishes them). The file is not counties only: it has one national row, 51 state rows (DC included) and 3,152 county-level rows, where Connecticut appears twice, as its 8 legacy counties and as the 9 planning regions Census now uses instead. Use geo_level, or the default counties view (3,143 rows, one per county, legacy Connecticut counties), so joins and sums don't double count.

Point locations for every Texas school campus from TEA's ArcGIS Hub. Includes school name, district, charter status, latitude/longitude, and grade levels. Useful for mapping charter school clustering in urban areas versus sparse rural coverage.

Philadelphia parking violation data from 2017. Contains ticket details including violation type, fine amount, location, and issuing agency. Great for urban data analysis.

Annual state expenditure data by county from the Texas Comptroller, 2017-2024. Shows spending by agency and major spending category across all Texas counties. Covers eight fiscal years. Each year carries roughly 1,500 rows with an empty county; these are a statewide/undistributed bucket, not county-level spending. FY2020 has a higher row count than other years due to a more granular source file, not duplicated data.

Database of world cheeses from cheese.com with characteristics like milk type, country, texture, and flavor

Geolocation and permit data for underground injection control (UIC) wells regulated by the Texas Railroad Commission. 126,000 records with latitude, longitude, well type, operator, lease name, injection volumes, and pressures. Covers disposal wells, enhanced recovery wells, and other injection types.